Electric-arc lamp



Oct. 20,1925- M. J. WOHL sLsG'mlc ARC LAMP Filed Oct. '7, 1920 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

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Awe/afar M. J. WOHL ELECTRIC ARC LAMP Filed Oct. 7, 1920 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Marisa J W22] //1 venfar b Patented Oct. 20, 1925.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

mURmE .1. won, OF NEW YORK, 1v. Y., ASSIGNOR TO M. J. worn. a 00., me, or LONG ISLAND CITY, NEW YORK. A CORPORATION or NEW YORK.

ELECTRIC-ARC LAMP.

Application filed October 7, 1920.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MAURICE J. WOHL, a citizen of the United States. and residing at New York city, in the count of Queens and State of New York, have im'ented certain new and useful Improvements in Electric- Arc Lamps, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements lll 1 electric arc lamps and especially to that type in which a plurality of arcs are simultaneously employed for photographic illumination or similar purposes.

It is the particular object of the present 1 invention to provide a lamp which is light in weight, operates the carbon electrodes vertically as required for photo work and embodies a minimum of moving parts, assuring reliable operation.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a lamp in which two or more arcs are arranged in series and regulated by a single operating element without a complex gear transmission mechanism.

25 With these and other Objects in view the invention consists of a novel arrangement of parts and details of construction hereinafter fully described and illustrated by the accompanying drawings and finally pointed 30 out in the claims.

In the drawings which form a part of these specifications:

Fig. 1. is a side elevation of an arc lamp for two arcs in series in which the two pairs 35 of carbon electrodes are arranged parallel to each other. The side cover plate and a part of the reflector are removed to show the mechanism, and some parts are broken awa for better illustration.

4o Fig. 2. is a sectional plan of the same lamp on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1. The reflector is omitted in this figure.

Fig. 3. is a front elevation of the same lamp as seen from the right of Figures 1 M and 2.

Fig. 4. is a side elevation of a lamp for three arcs in series in which two pairs of carbon electrodes are arranged above each other in a straight line.

Fig. 5. is a sectional plan of the same lamp taken on line 5 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6. is a detail of one of the elastic links 23 showing its attachment to lever 18 and clutch 24.

Fig. 7. is a side elevation of Fig. 6.

Serial NO. 415,295.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 4 the lamp consists of a base plate 1 which supports, by means of vertical bars 2 and 3, a horizontal plate 4 on which bracket 5 forming a fulcrum support for pin '7 of forked lever 6 is mounted. The smaller (rear) fork 8 of lever 6 is pivotally connected by means of pivot 9 to the plunger-stem 10 of dashpot 11. The lower end of stem 10 holds a bracket 12 which supports a horizontal 65 spring 13; to this spring the core 14 of solenoid 15 is fastened in axial alineinent therewith and with dash-pot 11, which is suitably supported above the solenoid. A resistance coil 16 is mounted above the dashpot, depending from the top plate 17 of the lamp housing. The larger, (front) fork 18 of lever 6 is provided with a plurality of pivot pins, 20, 21, (and 22 for the lamp with three arcs shown in Fig. 4,) the dis tances of these pins from the fulcrum 7 are multiples of the distance between pivot 9 and fulcrum 7. In other words the distance from 7 to 20 is equal to the distance from 7 to 9, while the distance from 7 to 21 is twice, and from 7 to 22 three times the dis tance from 7 to 9 for the respective lamps. From each of the pins 20-21-22 depends a pair of elastic links 23 which operate the clutches 2425-26 of the familiar hinged type which rest in their lowest position on plate 4. In Fig. 1 the clutch 24 is arranged to operate by lifting, a tubular sleeve 27 and clutch a similar sleeve 28. These sleeves pass freely through plate 4 and are guided on rods 29 and 30 which are arranged be tween plates 1 and 17 of the lamp housing.

The lamp shown in Figs. 1 to 3 is equipped with two pairs of carbon electrodes arranged parallel to each other; current enters the lamp through terminal 31, passes through solenoid 15 and resistance coil 16 to the carbon holder 33 and electrode 34- which is held by, but insulated from, curved arm 35. This arm is fastened to the 1 upper end of sleeve 28 which is prevented from turning horizontally by arm 36 guided on rod 2. The negative electrode 37 of this pair of carbons (see Fig. 3) and the positive electrode of the second pair 105 are held by carbon holders 38 and 41, and both carried on a vertical rod 43 by means of the arms 39' and 40 which are rotatively held thereon. Rod 43 is provided with a deflector blade 44 and is rotatively held by 110 holden edwhieh isqerriedby, e? mam from. m, listined to the upper end of sleeve 27. Arm 46 is guided on rod 30 to pnevent horizontal motion. The I: 've carbon elect-rode 4 7 is held. in hol 48 which is held' stationary by, but insulated from arm 49 of bottom plate 1.

The lamp housing is provided with a suitable reflector 70 and tmnnionsi held on side plates 72 which permit swiveling of the lamps in a suitable-stand sngnlarly; while the rear caven plate 73' is provided with a suitable handle 74 for the convenience of theoperstor.

The noveloperation of these lamps consistsi-primarilv in the arrangement of the clutches to lift their sleeves proportionally different distances while the electrodes are so arranged that the lengths of all arcs remain equal.

When'no current passes through the lamp (Fig. 4) all clutches close their blades resting on plate 4 and the carbon electrodes fall together by gravity. When current pssses'thr'ough the solenoid f, lever 6 is lifted. and with the same clutches 24-25- 26 raise their sleeves 625-432-42 and the carbon holders attached thereto in proportional distances, which means that carbon holder 60 is raised twice as much, and 50 three times as much as 68. The distances between the electrodes 59-5 8. 58-57 and 57 -456 remain always equal as they are produced by the difl'erence of motion. In the lamp of Figs. 1 to 3 the same principle' is applied with the modification that thetwo arcs are arranged side'by side. In this case electrodes 37 and 42 are lifted the samedistance'by clutch24 while 34 islifted twice as much byclutch "whi'eh results in an equal length of the arcsj between 47- 4% and 37-34. It is evident that to each one of the arms 39, '40 and 49 a second carbon holder could be attached and four of carbons be operated" by the same mechanism. This invention provides many advantages overfattempts heretofore made to operate a plurality of arcs fromthe same solenoid as it eliminates all 'gearingwith a correspondingreduction in weight and friction: It rovides the verticali arrangement of electrodes for photographic illumination where specific direction or the; li ht is essential? Another advantage is to" e found in the faet'thav there issonl'y a singletrvveling flexible connection to the positive carbon:- llolde'i necessary; Where threeiarcs are am above each otheran advantage is gained: in current consumption on volts' and only one Samoa penceivadile in the horizontal plane. fl lvihgthuslde'ecifibed myininention what I qlaim as; new and desire; to secure by'Lettefle Patent is:-

i. hwamlmpaplunlityofl tilt MW single ii M52611 electrod'e ing ongeld oi id line, meansmounting said plurality of electrodes to move toward. anda from V electrodete a'clu c it for each movable electro e to operate the sameand rcommon means joining all clutches to move them and the electrodes simultaneously thrmdiatlnces forming multi lee of the movement of the clutch for the e Tl trode nearest thefixed eleetmifi tmfimfi tw i pluralityfo'f 'otherelectr .meanamowsfi' ing said elecbmdes'in as I e said fixed electrode forming onecendiof slid! line, clutchesforminglmeansto separate the electrodes, a single magnetic mmimz'o ating common means for wil c i an common means being connected to: said: I clutches to move them an d saidothen trodes simultaneously through: didancd which form multiples oiithe opening ot tlm clutch for the electrode nearest: the'fliedelectrode to produoe o peni'irgsnf eqimlfluigtli U V between the electrodes.

3. In an arc lamp a flxed a plurality of other'electrodes'helm inaxtifi alinement therewithandmeansmmmtingthe electrodes to movethe otherelectmdefi toward and away from said stations 'elae? trode in the. same directiom ho'ldam the movable electrodes and means to move; all holders with their'electrodes simultu eoudg throughout their whole movement, said u means'being adapted to mowthe otherwisetrodes through multiples; 05 the d throu h which the first movable ll move awayfrom' the fixed eggodeg 4. In an arc lamp a single trode, a plurality'of'otherieleetrodmhefi in axial alinement therewithandmdgnlgmugk ing the electrodes to mowthe a mwad'an away from said statlonapy'ehotrodefifl slli neroillirection, holders said eect gravi'tly'opera mus said holders, clutches aditpted te'li m said arms and common nieem's clutches, said arms and 'elecbliad'es' gi neously throughout their whole movement w through multiples of th e distance which the electrode nexti'tb tile electrfde is liflfdl 1 5. nanarc-imlp-apu arranged in series with each other, 01186! trode fdrming the end\ oft'the Q1528 fixed; means mounting. the el E move alll other electrodes in the m6 rection away from said ml) fiorm area between the remade obi-lim trodes, and moxable'electrodes which: an multiples. oetae aegmneile arc olpening at the fixed ell? I 6. m

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electrodes arranged on said frame in a series circuit, one electrode of said series being fixed to said frame, means to move the other electrodes toward and away from said fixed electrode, said means including a clutch for each one of said movable electrodes, and common means to open said clutches simultaneously amounts which d'ifli'er in multiples of the clutch openin for the electrode nearest the fixed electr e.

7. In an electric arc lamp, 2. single stationary and a pluralit of other electrodes, and means mountin t e electrodes to move the other electrodes 1n the same direction simultaneously through distances forming multiples of the are opening at the stationary electrode to maintain arcs of equal length between the electrodes.

8. In an electric arc lamp a plurality of electrodes including a single stationary electrode, means mounting the electrodes to move toward and away from each other and from said stationary electrode in the same direction; magnetic means arranged to operate parallel to said electrodes to one side thereof, clutches to lift the movable electrodes and means between said magnetic means and said clutches to lift each clutch a distance fornr in, a multiple of the lift of the clutch nearest said pivot.

9. In an electric arc lamp a frame, a plurality of electrodes movably held on said frame, a single elect-rode fixed to said frame, clutches to operate the movable electrodes, a lever holding all clutches on one side of its fulcrum at distances which form multiples of the distance between said fulcrum and the clutch nearest thereto and magnetic means to operate said lever at the other side of its fulcrum.

MAURICE J. WOHL. 

